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Phys. Rev. A 76, 053412 (2007) [5 pages]

Classical explanation for electrons above energy 2Up in strong-field double ionization at 390 nm

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S. L. Haan* and Z. S. Smith
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Calvin College, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546, USA

Received 9 March 2007; revised 16 July 2007; published 16 November 2007

A classical ensemble is employed to investigate double ionization of helium for laser wavelength 390 nm and intensity 1.1 PW∕cm2, below the threshold for recollision impact ionization. Significant numbers of trajectories that lead to electron energy above 2Up are shown to be present and to feature a time delay between recollision and final ionization. Processes through which nuclear and laser forces combine to give an electron final energy above 2Up are identified.

© 2007 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.76.053412
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevA.76.053412
PACS:
32.80.Rm, 32.60.+i

*haan@calvin.edu; http://www.calvin.edu/~haan