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Phys. Rev. A 72, 050305(R) (2005) [4 pages]

Experimental quantum communication complexity

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Pavel Trojek1,2, Christian Schmid1,2, Mohamed Bourennane3, Časlav Brukner4, Marek Żukowski5, and Harald Weinfurter1,2
1Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
2Sektion Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-80799 München, Germany
3Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
4Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Wien, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090, Wien, Austria
5Instytut Fizyki Teoretycznej i Astrofizyki Uniwersytet Gdański, PL-80-952 Gdańsk, Poland

Received 8 June 2004; published 28 November 2005

We prove that by communicating N−1 times a single qubit, instead of N−1 classical bits, the success probability for solving some N partner communication complexity tasks is strongly enhanced. The superiority, as measured by the quantum-to-classical fidelity ratio, of the quantum scheme grows exponentially with N. We report an experimental implementation of these tasks for N=5. Even without correcting for any inefficiencies of the state-of-the-art setup, our multiparty quantum protocol still outperforms the best classical protocols.

© 2005 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.72.050305
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevA.72.050305
PACS:
03.67.Hk, 42.65.Lm