Phase separation of atomic Bose-Fermi mixtures in an optical lattice

We study a two-dimensional atomic mixture of bosons and fermions cooled into their quantum degenerate states and subject to an optical lattice. The optical lattice provides van Hove singularities in the fermionic density of states. We find that these van Hove singularities produce new and interesting features for the transition towards phase separation: an arbitrary weak interaction between the bosons and the fermions is sufficient to drive the phase separation at low temperatures. The phase-separated state turns stable for attractive and repulsive interactions between the bosons and fermions and can be cast into the standard form of a “liquid–gas” transition.