Phys. Rev. A 59, 3236–3240 (1999)Quantum evolution according to real clocksReceived 3 November 1998; published in the issue dated May 1999 We characterize good clocks, which are naturally subject to fluctuations, in statistical terms. We also obtain the master equation that governs the evolution of quantum systems according to these clocks and find its general solution. This master equation is diffusive and produces loss of coherence. Moreover, real clocks can be described in terms of effective interactions that are nonlocal in time. Alternatively, they can be modeled by an effective thermal bath coupled to the system. © 1999 The American Physical Society URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.59.3236
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevA.59.3236
PACS:
03.65.Bz, 05.40.-a, 42.50.Lc
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